instructions for mouse hepatocyte isolation (perfusion with collagenase) 1

Innovation at fingertips ! (Astonishing ability of mammals to regenerate by stemcells)

Mammals acquire remarkable ability to regenerate a lost fingertip, including the nail, nerves and even bone. In humans, an amputated fingertip can sprout aback in as little as two months, a abnormality that has remained ailing accepted until now. Researchers afford ablaze on this attenuate adorning ability in mammals, application genetically engineered mice to certificate for the aboriginal time the biochemical alternation of contest that unfolds in the deathwatch of a fingertip amputation. The allegation authority affiance for amputees who may one day be able to account from therapies that advice the physique change absent limbs.

Now, Dr. Ito and team have discovered an important clue in this process: a population of self-renewing stem cells in the nail matrix, a part of the nail bed rich in nerve endings and blood vessels that stimulate nail growth. Moreover, the scientists have found that these stem cells depend upon a family of proteins known as the “Wnt signaling network”—the same proteins that play a crucial role in hair and tissue regeneration—to regenerate bone in the fingertip.

Researchers have found an astonishing fact i.e.. they concluded that they could manipulate the Wnt pathway to stimulate the bone and tissue. These findings suggest that Wnt signaling is essential for fingertip regeneration, and point the way to therapies that could help people regenerate lost limbs. The teams’ next footfall is to zoom in on the atomic mechanisms that ascendancy how the Wnt signaling alleyway interacts with the attach axis beef to access cartilage and attach growth.

 

Pharma Innovation ! Inculcating the Implant (A novel Bioengineered Vein)

Till date, bio engineering achieved many novel aspects. But now, it is the height of innovation. University Researchers have come to such a state of innovation that, they have discovered a new equipment or implant which is rejection free as it is non biological in nature which is supposed to be the biggest advantage.

A Duke University spinoff has reached a milestone in tissue engineering as it transplanted the first bioengineered blood vessel into the arm of a patient with end-stage kidney disease.

In its first U.S. clinical trial, Humacyte is testing the safety and effectiveness of the blood vessel, which is intended to be an off-the-shelf product that’s derived from human cells but doesn’t have any of the biological properties that cause organ rejection.

People with kidney disease undergo dialysis, which often requires use of a graft to connect an artery to a vein. Current options carry risks of complications, according to Duke, like clotting and infection.

Humacyte creates its vessels by cultivating donated human cells on a tubular scaffold. The resulting vessel is then cleansed of the qualities that might trigger an immune response, leaving a collagen structure that mechanically matches artery and vein it’s being sewn to.

Writing a research paper ! Abridged

Research paper is the most substantial part in a researchers life. It is the platform for publishing the efforts.

But many people are unaware of where and how to publish their works. Hope this article will be a helping hand for those. There are few aspects to be considered important which will be listed step wise:

• Scrutinizing the article and checking for gramatic mistakes, technical flaws and values: Before the article(maniscript) is ready to go ino the journal, it should be thoroughly checked with its technical aspects, tabular columns, figure and table legends etc.. A little mistake in the figures and tables will ruine the whole article. Article title is also an important part. The best title will add a lot of beauty to the article. Usage of fine vocabulary is necessary.
• Choosing the right journal: Choosing a journal is the prime thing. The journal very much related to the work has to be chosen.

          For example: Research work done on herbal drugs- Journal( Journal of Ethanopharmacology).

             Work done on harmones           - Journal(Journal of Endochrinology). 
              Work done in Pharmacology     - Journal of Pharmacology etc..

• Reputation of the journal: The journal thus chosen should be a well reputed journal. The reputaion or the standard of the journal can be assessed by the articles, issues, indexing,  volumes and date of initiation of the journal. The eminence of the journal can also be assessed by the "Impact Factor" of the journal. Elsevier, Willys Library, Asphet, Nature etc.. are regarded as the top notch publications.

 

• Journal Specifictaions: The manuscript must be prepared as per the specifications and guidelines of the journal which we have chosen. The font size, article guidelines such as the side headings, reference style etc..have to be designed as per the journal.
• Regular interaction with the editor: Generally delay in the consolidation process will lead to cancellation of the manuscript, so in order to prevent that regular reply to the comments of the editor is utmost necessary.
• Galiproof checking or Proof reading: The eventual part of the research paper is the proof reading or the final check of the gali proof before it gets published. Flaws, mistakes in the vocab etc.. can be lastly checked by this.

Decelarating the degeneration of cells

Delayed in senescence or delayed ageing is the word which will make any individual overwhelmed these days. People were always after the secret of the fairys'.

The term ageing is not a peripheral phenomenon. It is something related to the visceral cells of the body. Tissue regeneration is the best solution for this. Generally the cell wear and tear is the reason for ageing. The breakthroughs in tissue rejuvenation with stem cells, molecular repair, and organ replacement (such as with artificial organs or xenotransplantations) will eventually enable humans to have indefinite lifespans through complete rejuvenation to a healthy youthful condition.

Now the question for researchers is how to approach to this immortal pill? Researchers are thinking from every angle they can. They will soon come out with a promising drug.

The ideal anti-ageing pill should have the qualities such as:

·         Cell regeneration.

·         Tissue repair.

·         Delayed cell life.

·         Detoxification in the body etc..

There are few amino acids which did prove to be a superior promising immortality pills. L-Glutamine etc.. have proved their efficasy by various mechanism of actions such as Nitric oxide metabolism. Various such mechanisms should be unlocked there by unraveling the mysteries of human body and which can extent the life of the humans.

The drugs so devoloped will not only act for preserving the beauty of people but also endorse researchers for discovering medications for many age related diseases such as Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome , Werner Syndrome  etc..

I thus conclude that this discovery will really be a life saving phenomenon in all aspects.

The Downfall of India in Research and Devolopment !

I know that this post is no where related to this Blog or Research but just wanted to bring out the root cause of the major drawback or reason for the inhibited growth in Research and advancements in India. I hope that each and every Pharma Grads would realize this.

I have recently started my job trials after the completion of my Masters in Pharmacy. I was actually aiming to do my Doctorate but wanted to parellely get absorbed into any reputed organisation to gain some work experience. At a point, I realized that Indian job industry is no easy go for freshers. And when I was looking out for M.S admissions in countries like Germany, I was astonished. Education was free in Germany and there was lot of Endorsing in Research. I was puzzled, How could this be possible? Was there any kind of fishy reason behind this? Once I sat and just roughly calculated the approximate cost of Research and education in a year for 1000 students. It was nearly 50,00,000/- . I just laughed at myself. This is the amount earned by a single corrupted individual in our country.

Indian economy has been literally feasted upon by many corrupted individuals. All the corrupted demons are avoiding the taxes and accumilating their accounts with the money.

Research is the branch of science which is the most useful part to human kind. It is leading to many innovations in the novel drug devolopment. It needs some funding for its devolopment, but unfortunately it is getting endangered in our country. Today, if we walk in any Government research centers, most of them are locked up or closed due to lack of funds. 
India has got lots of brains, but why is it that all are flying to other countries for brainy expenditure? It is due to lack of recognition. No one would really appreciate the efforts here.

Countries like U.S.A , Germany etc.. are coming out with fantabulous research and innovations as they are spending the Countries economy wisely, but we are craving to be a part of their research.
In India, there is no indipendent research. There is only outsourcing of the research. It is only the tertiary process what we are exactly doing in India which will be of no use for the Graduates. In India, I guarentee, never a fresher will be hired into the R&D. The reason is that we are just being as a slaves assisting them in documenting their data of research rather than direcly participating. Soon or later, young aspirants will feel that it is a bane to work in country like India.

The approximate amount drawn from corruption anually would be in billions. With this money:

•  Nearly 20-30 drugs can pass through all the phases of clinical trials.
• Nearly 30-50 research Institutes can be conserved.
• All the Govt Hospitals can be equipped with all the facilities.
• There can be "no deaths due to lack of medication".

At this point, I want only one thing to be emphasized. We cant let the Country go down. It is to be noticed that corruption is having a direct effect on the devolopment.

Herbal Immune Boosters(Herbal Vaccines)

We do take medications in case of diseases and other illnesses. It is like destroying the enemy after he has attacked us, but it is always safe to prevent the enemy to attack us. In the same way, prevention is always better than cure. Boosting the immune system and prohibitting the entry of micro organisms is better than acting upon them later.
There are plenty of agents called as immuno modulators in the market which help in boosting the immune system.


But, synthetic and chemical agents may have adverse effects on the body. In this condition, herbal agents act fantabulously. Herbal agents are found to have zero side effects and show their action. Herbal immunity boosting agents are safe and effective. This phenomenon is present since ages. The concept of "chevanprash" devoloped from this. There are many natural immune boosters available in the nature. Herbs like "Ashwagandha, Ginseng, Liquorise, Goose berry, Fig etc.." act as excellent immune boosters.
Many people wonder whether they can prepare such combinations of herbal boosting preparation at their home? The answer is - "Yes". We can make a preparation at home with the following ingridients:

Ingredients

4 parts Echinacea root

2 parts Thyme

1 part Licorice

1 part Elderberries

Directions

You can make a cup of hot tea by adding 1 or 2 teaspoons of the premixed herbs to 1 cup of boiling water. Let it steep for 5 to 10 minutes, strain, and add honey (raw is best) to taste.

To make a pitcher of tea for storing in the refrigerator, use 10 teaspoons or so of the premixed herbs for 8 cups of boiling water. Let it cool for a while and strain. Discard the used herbs, and put the tea in the refrigerator to drink over ice or reheated.